⚖️ 1. Cognizable Offence
👉 Meaning: Police can arrest without a warrant and start investigation immediately.
🔹 These are serious crimes — like murder, rape, kidnapping, or theft.
🔹 The police don’t need the court’s permission to act.
🔹 Usually punishable with more than 3 years of imprisonment.
📘 Example:
If someone commits murder, police can directly arrest that person — they don’t have to wait for a court order.
🧠 Think of it like:
Police can take instant action because it’s serious.
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🧾 2. Non-Cognizable Offence
👉 Police cannot arrest without a warrant. They must take permission from the court to investigate.
🔹 These are less serious crimes — like cheating, defamation, public nuisance.
🔹 Punishment is usually less than 3 years or fine.
📘 Example:
If someone insults or cheats you in a small way, police can’t arrest them right away — they must get a court’s permission first.
🧠 Think of it like:
Police need court approval before acting.
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🪙 3. Bailable Offence
👉 You have the right to get bail.
🔹 These are less serious crimes where the accused can easily get bail (temporary freedom during the trial).
🔹 Bail can be given by police or court.
📘 Example:
If someone is caught fighting in public (minor offence), they can get bail easily.
🧠 Think of it like:
You can go home the same day by paying bail.
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🚫 4. Non-Bailable Offence
👉 Bail is not a right — it depends on the court’s decision.
🔹 Used in serious crimes like murder, rape, robbery.
🔹 Court decides if bail should be given based on the case.
🧠 Think of it like:
You may have to stay in jail until the judge allows bail.
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🤝 5. Compoundable Offence
👉 The victim and accused can settle the case between themselves.
🔹 It’s like mutual compromise — victim forgives, and case ends.
🔹 Usually allowed in minor offences like slapping, quarrel, simple hurt, etc.
📘 Example:
If your neighbour hits you and later says sorry, you can agree to withdraw the case.
🧠 Think of it like:
Both parties shake hands, and the case is closed.
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🚫 6. Non-Compoundable Offence
👉 No compromise allowed.
Only court can decide — even if both parties agree.
🔹 Usually serious crimes — murder, rape, robbery, etc.
🔹 Society is affected, so law doesn’t allow private settlement.
🧠 Think of it like:
Even if you forgive the person, law will still punish them.